Numbers

1. ერთი

   Erti

   One

   Usage

   The number 1. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   Georgian uses a vigesimal (base-20) number system. E.g., 20 = ოცი (otsi), 30 = ოცდაათი (otsda-ati = 20+10)

2. ორი

   Ori

   Two

   Usage

   The number 2. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   Georgian numerals precede nouns. When a numeral is used, the noun remains in singular form: "ორი სახლი (ori sakhli)" = two house(s)

3. სამი

   Sami

   Three

   Usage

   The number 3. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   Georgian 1-10: ერთი, ორი, სამი, ოთხი, ხუთი, ექვსი, შვიდი, რვა, ცხრა, ათი. Mkhedruli's 33 letters are largely phonemic (one letter = one sound)

4. ოთხი

   Otkhi

   Four

   Usage

   The number 4. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   Base-20: 40 = ორმოცი (2×20), 60 = სამოცი (3×20), 80 = ოთხმოცი (4×20). Similar vigesimal structure to French (quatre-vingts = 80)

5. ხუთი

   Khuti

   Five

   Usage

   The number 5. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   "ხ" represents a velar fricative (like German "ch" in "Bach"). Georgian consonants have a three-way distinction: voiced, voiceless, and ejective — sounds absent in most languages

6. ექვსი

   Ekvsi

   Six

   Usage

   The number 6. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   Georgian has ejective consonants: "კ (k')、ტ (t')、წ (ts')、ჭ (ch')" etc. These are glottalized stops absent in Japanese, English, and most European languages

7. შვიდი

   Shvidi

   Seven

   Usage

   The number 7. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   "შ" represents the "sh" sound. Mkhedruli, which spread from the 10th-11th century onward, remains a living script used in everyday life, literature, and religious contexts in Georgia

8. რვა

   Rva

   Eight

   Usage

   The number 8. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   "რვა (rva)" consists only of consonants (the "ვ" is a semivowel). Georgian allows very dense consonant clusters with few or no vowels

9. ცხრა

   Tskhra

   Nine

   Usage

   The number 9. Used for ordering and quantities

   Grammar Note

   "ცხ" is another Georgian consonant cluster. The Kartvelian language family includes Georgian, Zan (Mingrelian and Laz), and Svan — four related languages

10. ათი

    Ati

    Ten

    Usage

    The number 10. Used for ordering and quantities

    Grammar Note

    11-19 use "-მეტი (-meti)" suffix. 20 = ოცი (otsi), the base of vigesimal counting. 21 = ოცდაერთი (otsda-erti = 20+and+1). Regular but complex

11. ოცი

    Otsi

    Twenty

    Usage

    The number 20. Used for ordering and quantities

    Grammar Note

    Vigesimal system: ოცი (20), ორმოცი (40 = 2×20), სამოცი (60 = 3×20), ოთხმოცი (80 = 4×20). 100 = ასი (asi). Larger numbers become complex but follow regular patterns

12. ასი

    Asi

    One hundred

    Usage

    The number 100. Used for ordering and quantities

    Grammar Note

    100 = ასი (asi), 1000 = ათასი (atasi). Georgian numerals are unique to the Kartvelian family, independent of Indo-European number systems

13. მე ოცდაშვიდი წლის ვარ

    Me otsdashvidi ts'lis var

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    Giving your age — the answer to "რამდენი წლის ხართ?" ("How old are you?")

    Grammar Note

    Georgian 20-99 is vigesimal: otsda- ("twenty and") plus the unit written as one word (otsdashvidi = 27, otsdarva = 28). Age is "numeral + ts'lis (of years) + copula", the same frame as "ramdeni ts'lis khart?"

14. ამ წელს ოცდარვა წლის ვხდები

    Am ts'els otsdarva ts'lis vkhdebi

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Saying the age you will turn this year

    Grammar Note

    "Vkhdebi" is the first-person singular present of "khdeba" (to become / to happen); the prefix "v-" marks first person. It replaces the copula "var". "Am ts'els" is the dative of "es ts'eli" (this year)

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